Showing posts with label United Nations. Show all posts
Showing posts with label United Nations. Show all posts

Friday, November 6, 2015

UN condemns US embargo of Cuba for 24th time

The UN General Assembly for the 24th year condemned a U.S. trade embargo on Cuba. Only two countries voted against the resolution this time around, Israel and the United States.
In spite of easing of tensions with Cuba, and renewed diplomatic ties, the United States voted against the resolution. There were 191 votes in favour of the resolution in the 193 member General Assembly with no abstentions. General Assembly resolutions are not binding but many claim they have some political influence. However, since the resolution has been passed every year for decades without the U.S. withdrawing sanctions, the influence on U.S. policy must be slight.
This July, the US and Cuba restored diplomatic relations after a break of over half a century. While Obama has eased trade and travel restrictions, only the U.S. Congress can lift the full embargo and that has yet to happen. In spite of the U.S. vote against the condemnation of the embargo Obama told the Assembly that he was "confident our Congress will inevitably lift an embargo that should not be in place anymore." Given that is his position, one would think that the U.S. would have voted to condemn the embargo to put pressure on the Congress. The U.S. earlier had suggested that it might abstain if the language differed significantly from earlier resolutions. The General Assembly has voted for the resolution ever since 1992. Last year there were three abstentions along with the Israel and US vote against the resolution but this year there were none. The US usually puts pressure on small countries to oppose or abstain when the resolution comes up. Last year it was Marshall Islands, Micronesia, and Palau who abstained. This year they voted for the resolution.
The resolution was changed this year to welcome the re-establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries, and also noted Obama's expressed will to do away with the embargo. For some reason these changes did not convince the US that it should abstain. Ronald Godard US senior adviser for Western Hemisphere Affairs, said:"The text falls short of reflecting the significant steps that have been taken and the spirit of engagement President Obama has championed.If Cuba thinks this exercise will help move things forward in the direction both governments have indicated they wish, it is mistaken."
In other words, almost universal condemnation of the embargo will not help remove the embargo.
The Cuban government has made it clear that while they also want to improve ties with the U.S., full normalization would require not only a complete lifting of the embargo but the return of the U.S. naval base at Guantanamo Bay. The U.S. has made it clear that the latter demand is not likely to be met in the near future. Even if the prison facility should be closed, the U.S. intends to keep the base.
Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodriguez said he was disappointed that the U.S. voted against the resolution. He said given that Obama has reversed the course on Cuba followed by 10 previous presidents, "one would have expected" he would vote in favour of the resolution. Reuters reports that Cuba estimates the economic damage to Cuba to be at $121 billion over the life of the embargo. The Times of Israel cites a much higher amount of $830 billion.


Saturday, July 18, 2015

Saudi Arabia claims it did not agree to a ceasefire in Yemen

The UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said that he was "very much disappointed" by the failure of a ceasefire that was supposed to begin on Friday and last until the end of Ramadan.
Saudi officials claim they did not agree to a ceasefire in the first place. The Saudis renewed bombings just hours after the ceasefire was to take effect. The Houthis have been renewing attacks since as well.
In the latest attacks, the Saudis bombed Sawan, a slum residential area in Sanaa near a military base. Reports by local officials claim at least 25 civilians were killed and 50 wounded. Hospital officials report there were women and children among the casualties. The attacks appear to have actually missed the military base itself. Sawan was just one of dozens of targets in 10 different provinces throughout Monday. The Houthis resumed battle as well in several cities including a significant offensive into a suburb of Aden which the rebels appear to have taken. Houthi mortar fire in Aden is reported to have set a refinery ablaze with an official telling Reuters: "We are trying to put out the fire. The shelling targeted the tanks where we were storing diesel and fuel for local consumption in Aden. The damage is going to be very big."
In spite of Ki-moon's disappointment that there have now been three days of bombing and clashes since the truce was declared, UN spokesperson, Stephane Dujarric, said: "Obviously the secretary-general is very, very much disappointed. We've not lost hope and the discussions are ongoing." Dujarric also said that the UN envoy to Yemen, Ould Cheikh Ahmed, had received the commitments he thought were necessary to announce the ceasefire. He said all parties should honour their commitments. It appears that at least one party denies they made any commitment in the first place. Ahmed had contacted Saudi officials and Hadi, the president in exile, had assured him he would accept the truce and inform the Arab coalition of his support. Hadi's response is a change in policy since earlier he refused a temporary ceasefire unless Houthis withdrew from territory they occupied and laid down their arms. A humanitarian pause is absolutely essential to help relieve the humanitarian disaster the continued conflict and ceaseless bombing campaign have inflicted upon the Yemenis. The UN is continuing contacts at different levels in an attempt to secure a ceasefire still.
The Saudis are nowhere near their stated objective of restoring the Hadi government to power. He has little support in Yemen. Radical Islamists including Al Qaeda in the Arab Peninsula(AQAP) are thriving in the resulting chaos. AQAP in alliance with Sunni tribes has extended its power even seizing Mukalla the capital of a province. The Islamic State has carried out deadly attacks in Sanaa, the capital.
The Saudi-led bombing campaign began back in March. The campaign has not resulted in the Houthis losing any significant amount of territory. Of late, they appear to have even made gains in Aden. The Houthi rebels are Shia and are supported by Iran. The majority in Yemen are Sunni. Both Iran and the rebels would like to see a political settlement with a government that the Houthis could support. On their own , the Houthis will probably be unable to rule. Even now they depend upon the support of troops loyal to former president Saleh, who is allied with the Houthis, in spite of the fact that when he was in power he persecuted them.

Wednesday, November 12, 2014

Syria responds positively to UN proposal to suspend fighting in Aleppo

The UN special envoy to Syria, Staffan de Mistura reports that Syria has responded positively to a UN proposal to suspend fighting in the city of Aleppo.


The Syrian President Bashar-al-Assad had said earlier that the UN proposal was worth studying. Speaking in Damascus yesterday, De Mistura said: "My meetings here with the government and with President Bashar al- Assad gave me the feeling that they are studying very seriously and very actively the UN proposal." There has been no response yet from rebel groups who will also be an important player in the UN "action plan" proposed by De Mistura.
 The Syrian state news agency SANA provided Assad's response to his meeting with De Mistura: "President Assad has been informed by de Mistura of the main points of his initiative. He said it was worthy of study and that work on it is needed … in order to re-establish security in Aleppo." Earlier comments on De Mistura's proposals in the Syrian press had been critical. Aleppo has been divided between rebel and government controlled areas since mid-2012. The UN plan would not only freeze fighting but would allow humanitarian aid into the city and also provide the foundation for peace talks even though the proposal itself is not a peace plan. At the same time, the government is fighting rebels, the Islamic State is attempting to take nearby areas held by rebels.
 An activist from Aleppo Mohammed al-Shafi said that if the government did agree to the UN proposal, there would be pressure from residents for rebels to agree as this would improve conditions for the residents. De Mistura also visited the city of Homs. He was expected to meet a group representing rebels from al-Waar the last part of Homs still held by the rebels.
 A ceasefire agreement was negotiated in Homs earlier this year. Being UN envoy to Syria has so far been a thankless, difficult role for any diplomat to fill. The last envoy Lakhdar Brahimini worked tirelessly to try to work out peace deals but progress was very limited.Two rounds of Geneva peace talks achieved little either. Only political groups attended the peace talks with many rebel fighting groups rejecting them.

Tuesday, November 4, 2014

US Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel and the New World Order

US Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel speaks of these being historic and defining times and sees in the tuture a long war with the Islamic State and various other enemies of the US state.



Wednesday at the Aspen Institute's "Washington Ideas Forum," Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel warned: “We are living through one of these historic, defining times. We are seeing a new world order - post World War II, post Soviet Union implosion.” Some officials have even spoken of the ISIS conflict lasting up to 30 years. Certainly, if the US insists on remaining the global cop with an obligation to intervene militarily and otherwise whenever it deems its interests or those of its allies are threatened, the new world order will involve constant wars. However, many of these may involve low level conflict with minimal risk of casualties to Americans as with drone attacks in Yemen, Somalia, and Pakistan. In other instances the US will employ proxy forces as in Iraq and Syria against the Islamic State.
 Hagel noted that one of the important questions facing the American people is what role the US should play in this new world. The answer seems to be coalitions and continual wars as indicated by his position on the battle against the Islamic State: "What we’re seeing in the Middle East with ISIL is going to require a steady, long-term effort. It's going to require coalitions of common interest." Hagel complained that at present cooperation between the two main US parties was distinctly lacking and that there had to be political unity about the path forward.
However, the new world order involves constant threats overseas according to Hagel:. "Tyranny, terrorism, the challenges and threats to our country ... is going to be with us. It’s a reality. I see these things continuing to stay out of there."
  Hagel mentioned in a recent trip to India a couple of months ago said that India would help shape the "new world order" that was emerging in the twenty-first century saying: "When you look at the world today, and you're all quite familiar with this, that India not only represents one of the most significant countries by any measurement in the world today, but will help shape a new world order that is emerging in this young century.The relationship between the United States and India certainly for our interests, for US interests, and I think for India's interests, as well as the Asia Pacific, but also global interests, is important." No doubt the US is attempting to draft India into a campaign that will help balance the increasing power of China throughout Asia. Relations between the two countries should involve closer military ties. Hagel notes: We are doing more than we've ever done military-to-military with India with joint exercises. We want to continue to build on those exercises. We'll talk about where we can expand the potential for joint exercises."
The phrase 'new world order" is often associated with a group of theorists who believe that there is a conspiracy to create a world government:The common theme in conspiracy theories about a New World Order is that a secretive power elite with a globalist agenda is conspiring to eventually rule the world through an authoritarian world government—which will replace sovereign nation-states—...Significant occurrences in politics and finance are speculated to be orchestrated by an unduly influential cabal that operates through many front organizations. Numerous historical and current events are seen as steps in an ongoing plot to achieve world domination through secret political gatherings and decision-making processes. Different theorists identify varying groups as the main agents behind the conspiracy. Some claim it is the Illuminati, others the Bilderberg group, others Freemasons, and of course Zionists. At one time a popular view was that there was a communist conspiracy to create the world government. American televangelist Pat Robertson in his, The New World Order, written in 1991 wove a complex tale of how Wall Street, the Bilderberg Group, and the Federal Reserve System, and other groups were working together to create a world government for the Antichrist.
 Aside from the conspiracy elements in the theories there are usually aspects that are based upon genuine facts, some of which simply reflect the development of global capitalism, but others reflect the existence of certain powerful groups who indeed try to shape the future. However, any powerful group in society will try to shape the future in its own interest and may very well try to hide this fact from the public when it thinks it is in its interest to do so.
There has been a process of globalization in the last decades. Institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund are transnational financial bodies mainly under the control of the US and to some extent the EU. Loan terms often take control of financial policy away from individual debtor countries. Multiple country trade agreements such as NAFTA transcend and limit the powers of the countries involved. Some quite significant pending trade agreements give corporations rights to sue governments and will limit the powers of individual governments to regulate corporations including the Transatalantic Trade and Investment Partnership and the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Because of the secrecy with which these agreements are negotiated, it is not surprising they might be thought of as conspiracies. However, it is simply a matter of the interests involved not wanting the public to know what is up because the governments involved might have political difficulties with an informed public Yet the process is not simply one elite cabal determining what happens. All sorts of conflicting interests fight out specific issues and sometimes a deal cannot even be worked out as in many World Trade Organization meetings.
 While these new international structures and agreements along with many others such as the UN transcend the nation state, they hardly constitute a world government. The UN is virtually powerless without the agreement of the world's more powerful nations on the Security Council who can veto any UN resolution that would result in action they do not like. There is another common use of the phrase "new world order" at present. The phrase points to the fact that there are many new and powerful economic forces within developing global capitalism including the BRIC countries. China is outstripping the US as the world's largest economy and India is also developing into an economic powerhouse. As these countries develop they will demand changes in the power structures such as the IMF and World Bank that finance global capitalism.
 An article in Foreign Affairs discusses the new world order understood in these terms. Even Putin called for a "new world order" by which he meant that the US lead role should change. The same article points out that the old order with the US as leader has been eroding for some years now.
 Hagel's remarks can be seen as a reaction to this developing new world order. The US can retain at the very least a prominent position and even remain a leading world power, if it recognizes that other countries such as India are going to be more powerful in the future. It is important to forge links between the US and countries such as India. The US provides a security umbrella for capital within the US orbit even if the corporations protected are transnational. Together with its European and new allies joint action can be taken against countries or groups that for whatever reason are regarded as inimical to the interests of the US and its allies. This will involve not only political alliances but military alliances and continuing wars not only against external enemies but against internal protests as populations react against a system that has huge assets and capacities but uses them mostly to protect the power and privilege of the few. I append a "documentary" on the Bilderberg group and the one world government conspiracy.

Thursday, October 16, 2014

Clashes continue in Libya as UN tries to hold peace talks

UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon made a surprise trip to Libya to Tripoli in support of an ongoing reconciliation process. Libya has two separate governments, one in Tripoli, and the elected internationally-recognized one in Tobruk.
The two main warring factions are mostly-Islamist-dominated militias that control Tripoli and most of Benghazi and CIA-linked General Khalifa Haftar and his allies, who control the far east and important oil ports. Ban called on Haftar to stop his operations in the east and for the Libyan Dawn militia to leave the international airport in Tripoli. The Islamic militias earlier rejected the peace talks in Ghadames. However, some Islamists who had boycotted the parliament in Tobruk attended. Unless representatives of the militias are involved in negotiations, nothing is likely to be solved. There does not seem to be all-out warfare throughout the country. In fact oil production is increasing. Ban said: "The international community can't tolerate the continuous spilling of blood of Libyans." Ban was at a televised meeting of rival groups plus the Italian foreign minister and other European diplomats. Ban said that fighting had to end without any pre-conditions. Ban does not seem to have noticed that he had just demanded that an Islamist militia withdraw from the Tripoli airport. The UN dialogue was launched on Sept. 29. Ban said: "We understand the path will be long and difficult. The country can't afford to be politically divided." 
Meanwhile fighting between Haftar allies the Zintan Brigades and Libyan Dawn killed at least 23 people in Kikla, southwest of Tripoli, the capital. Hospital authorities in the nearby town of Gharyan — about 80 kilometres southwest of Tripoli — said that there were also 43 people wounded, 10 critically. The clash was a result of the Zintan Brigades trying to take the town occupied by Libya Dawn. The brigades took part of the town but were driven back and the road reopened to the capital. There have also been clashes in the Warshefana district near Tripoli that killed and injured dozens and resulted in 100,000 fleeing their homes.  
Another report claims that 46 were killed in the Kikla clashes as well as in Gharyan. Over 100 were said to be wounded. The towns are in the Nafusa Mountainous area about 120 kilometers south of Tripoli according to that source. The Zintan militias were said to have arrived in a convoy of 100 armoured vehicles and tanks. The attack was launched just as Ban Ki-moon was urging militias to arrange a cease fire. Neither of the competing groups of militia appear ready to negotiate a cease fire at present. The UN seems to be talking with political representatives who have no control over the militias.

Monday, January 11, 2010

Afghan govt. asks UN to ease sanctions on reformed Taliban

What seems new about this policy is simply that the Afghan government is trying to get the UN to remove sanctions from reformed Taliban. Perhaps too the earlier policy probably required reformed Taliban to cut all ties to the Taliban. This position seems a bit more liberal. It is interesting that protests against dealing with the terrorists is coming from Russia rather than the US although both the US and Russia seem to agree that there could be negotiations with Taliban who renounce Al Qaeda and the use of force and swear allegiance to the Karzai government. The Taliban has made withdrawal of foreign troops a condition of negotiations however so probably not that many Taliban will respond to the offer and those who do may be moles who if the UN does ease sanctions could be used to facilitate Taliban financial deals. This is from antiwar.com.


Afghanistan asks UN to ease some Taliban sanctions on members who renounce violence

JOHN HEILPRIN
AP News



Afghanistan asked the U.N. Security Council on Wednesday to lift sanctions on elements of the Taliban that renounce violence and agree to support the government, signaling a new strategy against the militants.

Meanwhile, the United States said it is tripling its civilian experts in the nation to almost 1,000 — in a complementary effort to the additional 30,000 U.S. troops President Barack Obama has ordered to the Afghanistan.

At a Security Council debate, Afghan Ambassador Zahir Tanin proposed allowing his government to recommend names of Taliban members "willing to renounce violence and join the peace process," so that they would no longer be subject to asset freezes, travel bans and arms embargoes if the council's sanctions panel approves.

Tanin said Afghans are ready to take over their own security and defense, but military efforts cannot bring peace and stability without "reconciliation" among all citizens and "integration" of former combatants.

"Afghanistan's government has opened its door to all Afghans willing to participate in the stabilization and the construction of their country, in line with the Afghan constitution, and with respect for human rights," he said. "But while reconciliation is an Afghan-led effort, it cannot be achieved by the Afghan government alone."

Council members said they support the aims of the Afghan government, but expressed concerns about the plan.

Russian Ambassador Vitaly Churkin said his nation favors Afghan reconciliation but "the possibility of agreements with Taliban leaders and other terrorists and extremist organizations should not be seriously considered."

"Dialogue is possible only with those who have laid down their weapons, recognized the government and constitution of Afghanistan, and broken their ties with al-Qaida and other terrorist structures," he said.

U.S. Deputy Ambassador Rosemary DiCarlo said "one key element" of the United States' political strategy is "to support Afghan-led efforts to reintegrate Taliban members who renounce al-Qaida, lay down their arms, and engage in the constitutional political process."

She said the number of U.S. civilian experts in Afghanistan will grow to 920 by the end of January and "just under 1,000 civilians shortly thereafter," more than triple the 320 Americans on the ground at the end of January 2009.

Norway's Kai Eide, in his final remarks to the council as outgoing head of the U.N. mission in Afghanistan, warned the overall situation could become "unmanageable" without a better strategy for returning power to Afghans from international military and aid donors.

Source: AP News

US will bank Tik Tok unless it sells off its US operations

  US Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said during a CNBC interview that the Trump administration has decided that the Chinese internet app ...